Theodor gottlieb benno goldmann



UNITED STATES PATENT Fricn,

THEODOR GO'l"Ll.EB BENNO GOLDMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSTGNOR TO ALB. MAGDOLF, OF SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF MAKING ARTICLES FROM HOMOGENEOUS PLASTlC COMPOSITIONS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 561,938, dated June 9, 1896.

Application filed March 5, 1896. fierial No. 5814982. (N specimens.)

To aZZ whom it Hwy concern. weight of the binding substance and filling Be it known that I, THEODOR GOTTLIEB material, both determined in dry state, so BENNO GOLDMANN, a subject of the King of that when the specific weight of the binding Prussia, German Emperor, residing at Bersubstance in dry state is equal to one, and 5 5 lin, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have inthe specific weight of the filling material in vented certain new and useful Improvements dry state is equal to two and one-half, then in a Process of Making Homogeneous Ar one part of the binding substance has to be ticles from Plastic Compositions, of which mixed with two and one-half parts of the fillthe following is a specification. ing material. 60 This invention relates to an improved proc- The solution of the binding substance and ess of preparing plastic composition for makfilling material takes place under continuing pressed articles of all kinds. All such ousstiiringinsuitable mixingdevices. W'hen plastic compositions used for pressing obpigments or dyestuffs are used for impart- ;iects are composed of filling material and ing the required color to the plastic composi- 6 3 is binding substances. A number of composition, then the pigment or dyestuft is to be tions of various kinds were heretofore pro considered, according to its specific weight posed for pressing articles of use, in which in relation to the binding substance, as dry gums or other binding substances-such as filling material and added thereto in fixing casein, albumin, rise-were used,'while the the proper proportions of the same. e 2e filling materials were composed of cellulose, If the mixture of the binding substance wood -pulp, sawdust, ground nut-shells, or and filling material is properly accomplished other moisture-absorbing materials. These in proportion to their specific weight in dry and other similar plastic compositions which state, as described, then water is added to were heretofore used have the great disadthe mixture under continuous stirring until 7 5 vantage that owing to their mixture they are the binding substance and the filling matenot homogeneous throughout and are not rial separate from the solventfor instance, mixed in the proper proportions, so that the alcohol. The addition of water to the mix-' objects which are pressed from the same ture of binding substance and filling material have an unequal and imperfect appearance. has a double purpose: First, without the ad- 3o Averyhomogcneous plastic composition in dition of water the filling material would which thereis the proper proportion between in ve to be treated two or three times with the binding substance and filling material, the binding solution, dried previous to each so that a large number of articles can be manipulation, and then pulverized again, for pressed from the same, is obtained when the reason that when the entire gum solution 8 35 binding substances such as shellac, copalwhich is used as the binding substance is lac, dammar gum, sandarae, elemi, mastic, added once the mass assumes the form of a benzoin, or amber, and as filling materials thick paste, which can never be dried enabsolutely water-resisting bodies-such as, tirely; second, without the addition of water for instance, pulverized chalk, kaolin, flint, the drying, even in mixing the parts two or 4.0 glass, infusorial earth, burnt or unburnt clay three times, takes place much slower, as the powder, slate,or othern1i11e1'als-are used, and plastic composition formed with the gum soin which the mixture is made according to the lution is of a paste-like consistency, which following process: 7 consistency is entirely removed when the The following substances-such as, for inmass is precipitated by the water from the 9 5 5 stance, dry gums-:are dissolved in alcoholsolvent. The mere mechanical mixture of oids or the products obtained therefromthe finely-pulverized binding substance with such as other or chloroform-that is to say, the filling material produces in all cases only in water-soluble solvents. The finely-ground a product of inferior quality, both as to dufilling material is mixed with the alcoholic rability and permanency. v 50 solution of the gum, in which the proportion The precipitate is composed of finely-di of the mixture is determined by the specific Vided binding substance-for instance, shelseparated from the filling material.

lac and filling material, with or without pig: ment, which are intimately united and form a thick paste in the water-while the solvent for instance, alcoholis dissolved in the water-tl1at is to say, the binding substance is, during its separation from the solvent, not The thus-obtained pasty mass is next removed from the water into which the solvent has gone into solution, pressed, and any water and solvent still contained in the same thus removed, after which a perfect drying and fine pulverizing of the plastic mass is accomplished and the latter then used as the material from which the pressed articles are made. Thepulverizedmass,whichis throughout a homogeneous composition,is then placed in heated molds, with or without previously heating the same, and then pressed in the usual manner into objects of all kinds. It is necessary that the pressed molds be heated to such an extent that the melting of the finely-divided and distributed binding sub stance takes place simultaneously with its intimate union with the filling material. The thus-obtained pulverized mass can be used for the manufacture of buttons, cane and umbrella handles, doordmobs, insulating bodies for electric purposes, and generally as a substitute for hard rubber, horn, stone-nut, &c,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The process herein described of preparing homogeneous plastic compositions from a binding substance and filling material, which consists, first, in dissolving the binding substance in a water-soluble solvent, such as alcohol, next thoroughly mixing the solution of the binding substance with the finely-pulverized filling material in certain proportions, then adding water to the plastic mass, under continuous stirring, until the solvent of the binding substance separates from the mass and the latter is deposited as a thick paste from the water containing the solvent, removing the water from the mass, and next drying and pulverizing the same, substantially as set forth.

2. The process herein described of making pressed articles from plastic compositions, which consists in dissolving a binding substance in a water-soluble solvent, such as alcohol, then mixing the binding substance and a filling material and pigment in finelydivided state, in proportion to their specific weights in dry state, intimately together, next adding water to this mixture, under continuous stirring until the intimately-mixed mass of binding substance and filling material is separated from the solvent and precipitated as a thick paste, next removing the water from and drying the paste, pulverizing the same, and compressing the same, while subjected to heat, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two Witnesses.

THEODOR GOT'lLlEB BENNO GOLDMANN.

Vitnesses V. HAUPT, G. WILLNER. 

